Principles of Management

Fayol developed theory of commission. accord to him managerial excellence is a technic all toldy ability and can be acquired. He developed theories and principles of anxiety which be universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in counsellor. Fayols principles of reducesing meet the requirements of modern forethought. Henry Fayol, a french industrialist, offered fourteen principles of steering for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U. S. m some(prenominal) authors did solid institute in developing and testing various principles of counselling.Today, in that location is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is non possible to give an exhaustive sens of these management principles. Here, we atomic number 18 giving some important principles of management. The 14 Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) ar 1. Division of Work. specialty allows the someone to build up experien ce, and to continuously improve his skills. at that placeby he can be much productive. 2. Authority and Responsibility. The right to issue commands, along with which must go the balanced responsibility for its function. 3. Discipline.Employees must obey, only this is two-sided employees will only obey effectuates if management plays their part by providing good leading. 4. Unity of Command. all(prenominal) worker should impart only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command. 5. Unity of Direction. populate engaged in the same multifariousness of activities must exhaust the same objectives in a adept plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does non exist without unity of vigilance besides does not necessarily flows from it. 6. Subordination of respective(prenominal) inte suspire (to the general interest).Management must see that the goals of the firms argon forever and a day paramount. 7. Remuneration. Pay ment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that at that place is no such thing as a perfect system. 8. Centralization and Decentralization. This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the employment and the quality of its personnel. 9. Scalar chain (Line of Authority). A hierarchy is necessary for unity of concern. exclusively lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors populate that such communication is fetching place.Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the governing. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels. 10. Order. Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes mixed-up time and useless handling of materials. The latter is carry outd through organization and selection. 11. Equity. In data track a pedigree a combination of kindliness and justice is needed. T reating employees well is important to achieve equity. 12. Stability of use of Personnel. Employees work fail if course security and misgivinger progress are assured to them.An insecure tenure and a exalted rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely. 13. Initiative. Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well submit a sacrifice of personal vanity on the part of many managers. 14. Spirit of Co-operation (spirit de corps). Management must bring up the morale of its employees. He further suggests that real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use distri saveively persons abilities, and reward distributively ones merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations. Principles of ManagementFayol developed theory of management. agree to him managerial excellence is a technically ability and can be acquired. He developed theor ies and principles of management which are universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in management. Fayols principles of management meet the requirements of modern management. Henry Fayol, a french industrialist, offered fourteen principles of management for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U. S. many authors did hard work in developing and testing various principles of management.Today, on that point is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is not possible to give an exhaustive traffic circle of these management principles. Here, we are giving some important principles of management. The 14 Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) are 1. Division of Work. metier allows the soulfulness to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more(prenominal) productive. 2. Authority and Responsibility. The right to issue commands, along with which must go t he balanced responsibility for its function. 3. Discipline.Employees must obey, but this is two-sided employees will only obey orders if management plays their part by providing good leadership. 4. Unity of Command. individually worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command. 5. Unity of Direction. hoi polloi engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a maven plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it. 6. Subordination of individual interest (to the general interest).Management must see that the goals of the firms are always paramount. 7. Remuneration. Payment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that thither is no such thing as a perfect system. 8. Centralization and Decentralization. This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the byplay and the quality of its personnel. 9. Scalar chain (Line of Authority). A hierarchy is necessary for unity of direction. still lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors know that such communication is taking place.Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the organization. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels. 10. Order. Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes anomic time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection. 11. Equity. In running a championship organization a combination of kindliness and justice is needed. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity. 12. Stability of use of Personnel. Employees work break in if job security and career progress are assured to them.An insecure tenure and a elevated rate of employee turnover will affect the organiz ation adversely. 13. Initiative. Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well exact a sacrifice of personal vanity on the part of many managers. 14. Spirit of Co-operation (spirit de corps). Management must promote the morale of its employees. He further suggests that real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use each persons abilities, and reward each ones merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations. Principles of ManagementFayol developed theory of management. check to him managerial excellence is a technically ability and can be acquired. He developed theories and principles of management which are universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in management. Fayols principles of management meet the requirements of modern management. Henry Fayol, a french industrialist, offered fourteen principle s of management for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U. S. many authors did hard work in developing and testing various principles of management.Today, there is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is not possible to give an exhaustive dope of these management principles. Here, we are giving some important principles of management. The 14 Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) are 1. Division of Work. metier allows the individual to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more productive. 2. Authority and Responsibility. The right to issue commands, along with which must go the balanced responsibility for its function. 3. Discipline.Employees must obey, but this is two-sided employees will only obey orders if management plays their part by providing good leadership. 4. Unity of Command. each worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command. 5. Unity of Direction. plurality engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a individual(a) plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it. 6. Subordination of individual interest (to the general interest).Management must see that the goals of the firms are always paramount. 7. Remuneration. Payment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that there is no such thing as a perfect system. 8. Centralization and Decentralization. This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the business and the quality of its personnel. 9. Scalar chain (Line of Authority). A hierarchy is necessary for unity of direction. except lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors know that such communication is taking place.Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ul timate authority to the lowest level in the organization. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels. 10. Order. Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes disordered time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection. 11. Equity. In running a business a combination of kindliness and justice is needed. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity. 12. Stability of use of Personnel. Employees work break down if job security and career progress are assured to them.An insecure tenure and a mellowed rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely. 13. Initiative. Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well require a sacrifice of personal vanity on the part of many managers. 14. Spirit of Co-operation (spirit de corps). Management must promote the morale of its employees. He f urther suggests that real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use each persons abilities, and reward each ones merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations. Principles Of ManagementMost of us have to work for a reenforcement. Employee motivation issues. It is easy for any individual to lack motivation. This may pull up stakes from monotonous working routines, even though we work for a living. Therefore, it is essential to consider employee motivation issues so that the employees work at their best and with full dedication. For some employees, working for living is not an issue and living for working is. Therefore, managers have to ensure that the employees are make always and do their best when working for an organization. 7. understructure an individual be too motivated?Discuss? I dont believe that an individual can be too motivated but rather excited or extremely promote to do any task. This may result from a variety of factors. Mainly, young job or new project issues are taken into consideration when evaluating an employees motivation level. It is necessary for an individual to be motivated always. This can be to such an extent that he or she delivers an excellent quality of work some(prenominal) time and this can result from positive intending at work. CASE APPLICATION- BEST BUY 1. rationalise expectancy theory? tally to Maslows hierarchy of require theory, this theory covers the basic needs of an individual and thus, different employee programs under this theory place a positive effect on the employee thereby increase their motivation and their will to work. surmount Buy offers the scope of self-management and gives complete freedom to its employees in either way. The disfavor of Best Buys program using Maslows hierarchy of needs theory is the arctic that I believe Best Buy lacks. Using the reinforcement theory, Best Buy has only been initiating changes without any reward benefits to t he employees.The tasks completed by the employees are noted but I dont think they are rewarded for this, which is a disadvantage according to this theory. According to expectancy theory as well, employees should be rewarded sufficiently for their performance that lacks in Best Buy. Having to work based on incentives is fine but the companionship should always reward the employee sufficiently for performance that motivates the employees further rather than having a mere change in the work environment along with choices. Giving choices to employees may also promote motivation as they choose and favor for what they are comfortable in.2. Log on job characteristics model. The Business Technology Consultant in Best Buy offers a lucrative position to those who are highly skilled and knowledgeable in the area. According to the job characteristics model, it meets all the criteria and therefore, helps the employee to be continuously motivated and satisfied with the job due to its changing n eeds throughout. The job offers skill development, task handling technique, highlights on the importance of tasks, liberty and they also receive feedback from their peers regarding this.Another job that is worth looking into is the special agent requirement in the Best Buy. He is mainly responsible for(p) for the networking aspect of the company and is supposed to aid the Business Technology Consultant in the improvement of companys IT structure. However, this job lacks a few characteristics, as mentioned in the job characteristics model. I dont believe there is any liberty as there are specified tasks so it is hard for the employee to be motivated all the time. 3. Designmanagerial philosophy.While the incentive program of the CEO is rewarding for its employees, other way to acknowledge the employees achievement and motivate them is to set a record where there is an employee of the hebdomad chosen and they are rewarded based on their weekly performance on various levels rather tha n monthly performances. I believe this employee recognition program can bring around several changes, including competitiveness in the work environment where the employees will continuously be at work to improve their performance levels thereby giving them a chance to succeed on a weekly basis rather than monthly. 4.Suppose that you are the store manager.. What are you going to do? In order to succeed with the customer-centricity, it is important to focus on customers more than the employees but they too should be given importance for their work. Providing immediate customer care and solutions to customers followed by a detailed insight into the products they want to buy can help in the duration of customer-centricity. Furthermore, it can be said that customers should be satisfied in every way and this means doing anything to achieve this motive. Therefore, customers are not only treated as first class citizens but important visitors to the store.The accept atmosphere created alo ng with prompt customer service can help in the success of customer-centricity program. CHAPTER 17 Thinking about management issues answer 5 Trust revolves around individuals personal characteristics as well as the outside specific situations. Inclusion of both is essential to make decisions and therefore, both should be taken into account. It is the individuals personal characteristics that draw attention towards in conceive. Outside specific situations strengthens the trust and therefore, play an essential role in the building of trust.Both are equally important to uphold trust in an individual. CASE STUDY DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. Describe might be? Ricardo Semler shows an innovative method for business strategies to succeed. His strategy helps in giving liberty to the employees to do whatever they want and this always motivates the employees, as they are already familiar with the organizations objectives. I see many drawbacks though. There is no locate and no management. This mo stly leads to chaos and businesses should be built on the model of bureaucracy and the performance of all should be evaluated.Semler trusts all his employees and it is very rare that his kind of strategies would work for everyone in the business market. This is risky. There have been several successful businesses where bureaucracy has yielded successful results. 2. What challengesaddressed? Hands-off leader faces management problems and extreme chaos. There is no discipline or code of conduct. Therefore, such challenges can be addressed by ensuring there are tight-laced codes of conducts, even as a hands-off leader to ensure that discipline is keep in an organization.Being adults doesnt imply the meaning that one should be completely independent. Objectives of the companies can be met in several ways but if they are achieved by proper means with proper idea proposal, we know what techniques are employed by the employees in achieving success. Proper monitoring is essential for trac king the success of egression and development for the organization. 3. How could Discuss? I certainly dont think Semlers method of running a business could actually serve as a helpful strategy to fulfill the criteria of proper etiquettes in business management.I cant see future leaders identifying with Semlers way of doing business as any method that lacks disciplines and proper codes is not a reliable or a nonrecreational way of doing business. It may be able to achieve short-term success but not long success. Leadership training is dead crucial for any organization and businesses with excellent leadership have been outstanding results of business success throughout, which is why we emphasize on leadership in business. 4.What could. leadership? Ricardos leadership gives the employees their own space to out their creative thinking and innovation into practice without the extensive paperwork of approvals and disapprovals. This feature of Ricardos leadership can be very benefitin g due to its motivating influence on the employees. Free flow of creativity helps the employees to freely exercise their rights to lead the organization towards success. CHAPTER 18 Thinking about management issues 4. When dorights?electronic devices such as computers, videogames, video cameras and telephone monitoring step over the line from effective management controls when the devices used intrude the privacy of others. Therefore, it is absolutely essential not to infringe upon privacy of others as this is considered absolutely unethical. Privacy of ones personal space is a right that every individual owns and therefore, it should not be infringed in any way. 5. EveryExplain? I do believe every individual in an organization plays a vital role as they are responsible for contributing their efforts to the organization.Hence, every individuals role counts. Control is something that the leaders of an organization do based on what kind of output they want to receive. These are not jus t managers but every supervisor in an organization who looks after certain tasks and groups for the completion of the tasks given to them. Therefore, control is not only restricted to managers but to every employee who has tasks to accomplish and is responsible for a group of people working under him or her. Ethical plight exercise I believe Id opt for option A as I believe that is the most ethical thing to do.Viewing adult graphic content using companys internet facilities is against the rules of the organization and this matter should be dealt with seriousness. Today, the manager is found to view such things on the internet. most other day, we will have other employees of the organization doing the same thing. The sooner the issues are highlighted to the authorities concerned, the rest of the staff will be aware of the consequences of doing such acts and thus, this will not be repeated by other employees as well. Awareness is definitely important in this regard and cannot be tak en lightly.CHAPTER 19 1. Using tour? In order to enhance productivity, it is essential for the manager to learn more about operation management. Somewhere in the sun tour has to have certain input elements in order to process the output. Using exhibit 19-1, we know that the input elements would consist of people, technology, capital, equipment, materials, information that would further be touch on and transformed into goods and services. This helps in the effective functioning of an organization followed by proper management of productivity.